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What are Eye Movement Biomarkers
& Gaze Mapping Biomarkers?

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Eye Movement Biomarkers, or “EMBs“, is an acronym coined by Innodem Neurosciences and refers to a quantitative assessment of eye movements. Some of these quantitative measures include saccades, anti-saccades, pursuit, velocity, latency and amplitude.

The data generated by the assessment tool (our visible light technology or that of competing infrared solutions) represents a unique “eye movement signature” at a given time (or biomarker) that can be used by healthcare professionals to identify abnormalities; assess and track disease progression; monitor the effect of a treatment relative to the patient’s diagnosis; compare it to healthy controls; classify and assist in the diagnosis of various neurological disorders where eye movements have been shown in the Literature to be affected in a specific way; correlate EMBs to other biomarkers such as blood tests or MRIs for better patient outcomes, etc.
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Gaze Mapping Biomarkers or “GMBs”

Innodem has also coined the acronym GMB for Gaze Mapping Biomarker to differentiate these assessments from EMBs. GMBs measure cognition or how a person thinks i.e. where he/she is looking (sustained attention) or the ability to multitask with success (multiple simultaneous attention), the ability to organize information (category formation), the ability to recognize patterns (inductive thinking), the ability to remember information or instructions long enough to perform tasks (working memory), the ability to block out our own response to distractions (response inhibition) and how fast information is being processed (speed of information processing).

Since the eye is the window to the brain, its movements can also translate into gaze or where someone is looking at when stimuli appears on screen. In neuroscience and neuropsychology, how someone scans their environment or where someone elects to spend more time and attention can be revealing.

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Our patented Eye Tracking Software Technology

In times of exploding costs and pandemics, we believe that an easy-to-use, affordable, mobile software application that can be downloaded to your existing smartphone or tablet is what the healthcare system needs. Our patented mobile software technology is hardware agnostic and capable of working with almost any off-the-shelf camera that is found on most smartphones and tablets today.

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Eye Tracking Proof of Concept

Our patented eye tracking technology was first embodied as Gaze-to-Speech™ to help voiceless patients communicate using only eye movements.

It launched as an iOS App called Pigio™ ICU allowing Intensive Care Unit patients (conscious but intubated or paralyzed) to communicate through eye movements. By gazing at a particular image for a few seconds on the tablet’s screen, its content is activated, and the chosen audible message is heard. The design of our first iOS application called Pigio™ is intuitive for a “sticky” user experience. The Pigio™ Pro version includes additional features and screens including media & entertainment access to news and YouTube.

With a growing number of downloads and calibrations each day, Pigio™ users have allowed us to improve the performance of our eye tracking technology to a level that is comparable or better than existing infrared solutions. Pigio™ is easily accessible and free for basic use. You can download it from your iPad here. Besides spreading the message that AI can do good, Pigio™ users are helping our machine & deep learning technology to power our future regulated Software-as-a-Medical-Device offerings. We are currently building a pipeline of clinical trials to support this SaMD portfolio.

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